Spotting the Signs of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder is a common neurodevelopmental condition that affects millions of children. There’s no cure, but early diagnosis and treatment can improve outcomes and your child’s quality of life.

At Old Fourth Ward Pediatrics, our experienced team of pediatricians specializes in diagnosing and treating autism. In this blog, we explain autism and highlight common symptoms that may signal ASD in young children.

What is autism spectrum disorder?

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects how a person communicates and sees the world. It occurs on a spectrum, meaning symptoms vary greatly and can be mild, moderate, or severe. 

Regardless, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for positive outcomes. Research shows children who begin treatment at a young age experience increased independence, improved communication skills, and greater social abilities than children who don’t. 

4 signs that may indicate autism spectrum disorder

If you have an infant or toddler at home, you may wonder if they’re at risk of ASD. One in 36 children has Autism Spectrum Disorder. Although nothing can replace a professional evaluation, sure signs can merit a conversation with your child’s pediatrician. Some of these signs include:

1. Lack of eye contact

Eye contact is essential to social interaction, but many toddlers with ASD avoid or show minimal eye contact. If your little one shows limited eye engagement when you’re speaking, playing with, or singing to them, consider scheduling an autism screening. While the causes of poor eye contact are complex, rarely making eye contact often indicates ASD.

2. Not responding to their name

Do you have trouble getting your child’s attention? For example, if you call their name, do they continue doing their own thing or look at you?  If the answer is the former, it may indicate ASD—one study conducted by researchers at the UC Davis M.I.N.D. Institute concluded that 12-month-old infants who failed to respond to their name being called were also more likely to have a neurodevelopmental disorder, like autism. 

3. Aversion to touch

Cuddling and holding your infant or toddler helps build a strong bond, but children with ASD often exhibit touch avoidance behaviors. 

For example, you may notice that your child avoids holding your hand or becomes incredibly fussy when you pick them up. These behaviors don’t always indicate ASD, but they can be an early warning sign. 

A study published in the Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders found that infants at risk of ASD displayed less responsiveness to caregiver touch than those who were low risk.

4. Abnormal responses to sensory stimuli

Does your child get upset when they smell something they don’t like? Do they strongly dislike certain textures, like fluffy blankets or a specific type of fabric? Maybe they cry or become angry when you play music at nap time. Developing preferences is a part of growth and development, but extreme reactions––like crying or screaming––could point to ASD. 

Many children with ASD are susceptible to sensory inputs, including smells, sounds, and textures. Researchers aren’t entirely sure why this occurs, but ASD seems to affect the parts of the brain responsible for processing these inputs.

We can screen your child for autism spectrum disorder!

We regularly screen children for developmental conditions, such as autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). If your child’s screen is positive, we may  refer you to a specialist in the community for further evaluation and  diagnosis.  If you’re concerned about your child’s risk, don’t wait to address your concerns. Contact Old Fourth Ward Pediatrics in Atlanta, Georgia, today. Call the office or use the online booking feature to make an appointment.